Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. An unorganized machine refers to a concept mentioned in a far-sighted 1948 report in which Alan Turing suggested that the infant human cortex was what he called an "unorganized machine". Turing defined the class of unorganized machines as largely random in their initial construction, but capable of being trained to perform particular tasks. Turing's unorganized machines were in fact very early examples of randomly-connected, binary neural networks, and Turing claimed that these were the simplest possible model of the nervous system.